Anthony Wayne's Notes of the Pennsylvania Ratification Convention (December 4, 1787)

Smilie: The Senate were meant to represent an artificial aristocracy, and the House of Representatives to represent the mass of the people. I shall endeavor to prove that one branch of the legislature can and will destroy the balance intended by the other. The House of Representatives are so few in number as to have but very little influence. The districts being large, the members returned will not be by the voice of the people. This body will be subject to corruption, and the means of corruption will be in the power of the Senate. Will you bring an impeachment? Who are to try it?1 The Senate.

The treaty of commerce between Great Britain and France 1786, Article 14 (Mon 1, V Spirit6 Ch 11th book ).

Wilson: In a general government there is no necessity of a bill of rights, for in my opinion all rights are in the people, nor would I attempt to define the rights of those people who sent me here.

In every community there is supreme controlling power, which I call sovereign power. Sir William Blackstone informs us that this power is in the British Parliament Mr. Finley's position is that the sovereign power re2sides in the state governments; mine is that it resides in the people. That it is [a] consolidating government, if it is meant that it is annihilating the state government, it cannot be admitted. The Constitution itself pointedly contradicts it for it can exist only as long as the state governments exist. Altho this Constitution will necessarily take some powers from the state governments, yet when it is once in operation, it will add to the power and happiness of the state governments.3 Confederacies have not been absorbed, but fell to pieces. Powers of taxing, etc. Answers to the objections to the judicial department.

The limited power of punishment in cases of treason show that the current runs strong in favor of humanity and gives security to every individual, for from this principle, oppression may operate with dreadful effect.4